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4D Imaging of the Aortic Valve: Aortic Valve on Gated CT

Normal aortic valve - diastole

Three valve leaflets are present, are thin, noncalcified, and closely apposed.

Normal aortic valve - diastole

Reverse ramp function renders the contrast enhanced blood black making the valve leaflets more conspicuous.

Normal aortic valve - diastole

Normal aortic valve - systole

There is wide opening of the aortic orifice

Normal aortic valve - systole

Bicuspid aortic valve - diastole

Typically, two leaflets of unequal size are present. A raphe can be present in the larger leaflet simulating a third commissure.

Bicuspid aortic valve - systole

Two thin noncalcified leaflets are present without aortic stenosis

Calcified bicuspid aortic valve. Small opening of aortic orifice due to valvular stenosis 

Calcified bicuspid aortic valve.

Calcified bicuspid aortic valve.

Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy which can be seen with aortic stenosis

Thickened aortic valve leaflet

Vegetation on aortic valve

Mechanical aortic valve

Diastole - valve closed

Mechanical aortic valve, bileaflet type

Systole - valve open

Mechanical aortic valve, bileaflet type

Systole - valve open

Prosthetic aortic valve, bileaflet type.

Type A dissection sparing the aortic root and coronary ostia.

Aneurysmal dilatation aortic root.

This can lead to aortic regurgitation.

Aortic root calcification.