Uncommon Benign Adrenal Tumors
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Evaluate Adrenal Mass |
Adrenal Lymphangioma |
Incidental Finding |
Ganglioneuroma Let Adrenal |
Incidental Finding |
7cm Ganglioneuroma |
“Ganglioneuroma is a benign tumor arising from the sympathetic nerves or within the adrenals. This lesion is more frequently detected in the mediastinum or retro- peritoneum than in the adrenal medulla. Usually, it is a small round mass (2–3cm) with well-defined smooth margins and an inhomogeneous appearance due to myxoid components.” Imaging features of adrenal masses Domenico Albano et al. Insights into Imaging (2019) 10:1 |
Adrenal Ganglioneuroma: CT Findings
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Adrenal Ganglioneuroma |
Ganglioneuroma |
LUQ Pain |
At Surgery was Adrenal Abscess |
Uncommon Malignancies
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Leiomyosarcoma of the Adrenal |
30 yr old with Back Pain |
Neuroblastoma |
“The computed tomographic (CT) findings in five adult patients with neuroblastoma and in one with ganglioneuroblastoma are presented. Four patients had abdominal and thoracic disease, one had abdominal disease only, and one had isolated chest involvement. The CT findings are nonspecific and may be confused with lymphoma. Nevertheless, multifocal presentation, particularly if it includes the posterior mediastinum and association with diffuse or focal bone involvement, when present, should suggest the diagnosis and lead to appropriate laboratory and histopathologic workup.” Computed tomography of adult neuroblastoma. Feinstein RS, Gatewood OM, Fishman EK, Goldman SM, Siegelman SS. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1984 Aug;8(4):720-6 |
Evaluate pancreas mass (bx was neuroendocrine tumor) |
Metastatic Breast Cancer with Neuroendocrine Differentiation |
Challenges
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“When an incidental adrenal mass is discovered at imaging, three important items to determine are a history of malignancy, presence of prior abdominal imaging, and symptoms of a hyperfunctioning mass, as this will guide subsequent management. First, if the patient has a history of malignancy, then an incidental mass has a higher chance of being a metastasis although the risk is still only 26–36%. Second, if prior imaging is available, greater than 1 year of stability is indicative of benignity. Third, if the patient presents with signs or symptoms of adrenal hyperfunction (including hypertension or Cushing’s features) this is suggestive of a biochemically active neoplasm that would require further investigation.” Management of incidental adrenal masses: an update Daniel I. Glazer, William W. Mayo‐Smith Abdom Radiol (NY). 2020 Apr;45(4):892-900. |