Dâmaris Versiani Caldeira Gonçalves, Isabela Azevedo Nicodemos da Cruz, Marcelo Astolfi Caetano Nico, Alípio Gomes Ormond Filho, Júlio Brandão Guimarães
Clin Imaging. 2025 May 8:123:110493. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2025.110493. Online ahead of print.
Superficial bone lesions arise from the outer components of the bone, from the cortex to the periosteum. Such superficial lesions are often challenges during imaging reporting, and their incorrect interpretation may lead to inadequate management. We present a literature review regarding these lesions according to a standardized division into tumoral and non-tumoral lesions. We also provide a guide for their proper assessment on different imaging modalities. Knowledge of the specific imaging features that aid in the determination of the lesion origin and estimation of the risk of malignancy is fundamental for the radiologist to contribute to adequate patient management.